This term refers to the design of ‘products, environments, programmes and services to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design’ (United Nations, 2006). In this sense, it goes beyond accessibility because it does not include adjustments for a specific group. Rather, since its conception, it considers the final user who might or might not have a disability.
The products, environments, and services with universal design meet seven basic principles:
1. Equitable use: they are easy to use and the experience is similar for all users regardless of their capacities and skills.
2. Flexibility in use: it accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities.
3. Simple and intuitive use: easy to understand, regardless of the user’s experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level.
4. Perceptible information: it communicates necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user’s sensory abilities.
5. Tolerance for error: minimizes risks and adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions.
6. Low physical effort: it can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue.
7. Size and space for approach and use: appropriate size and space is provided for approach, reach, manipulation, and use regardless of the user’s body size, posture, or mobility.
This is also known as Design for All.
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